What is keratin? Hair structure, keratin in the hair. Keratin hydrolyzate and cosmetics with it. Personal experience of keratin care. Keratin and nutrition

One protein that is essential to maintaining hair’s strength, smoothness, and shine is keratin. In addition to offering resilience and protection, it forms the building blocks of the hair structure. Frizz, breakage, and dullness in hair can result from keratin damage caused by heat, chemicals, or environmental stress.

To restore the health of their hair, many people resort to keratin treatments. A type of broken-down keratin called keratin hydrolyzate is frequently used in cosmetics to help nourish and repair hair. It is present in hair masks, conditioners, and shampoos that are meant to reenergize hair from the inside out.

It can be very beneficial to include keratin in your hair care regimen, but you should be aware of how it affects the natural structure of your hair. I can attest that keratin care makes hair smoother and easier to manage, but as with all treatments, it functions best when paired with a healthy diet that promotes hair health from the inside out.

Topic	Description
What is keratin?	Keratin is a protein that makes up the outer layer of hair, skin, and nails. It gives hair strength and protection.
Hair structure and keratin	The hair is made of three layers. Keratin is found in the outer layer, which keeps hair smooth and shiny.
Keratin hydrolyzate	Keratin hydrolyzate is a broken-down form of keratin used in hair products to repair and strengthen hair.
Cosmetics with keratin	Shampoos, conditioners, and treatments with keratin help reduce frizz and restore damaged hair.
Personal experience with keratin care	Using keratin products can make hair feel smoother and stronger, but overuse may lead to dryness for some.
Keratin and nutrition	A diet rich in protein supports keratin production, helping maintain healthy hair from the inside out.

Hair structure

Three major components comprise the structure of hair:

Cuticle

The outer layer of hair is formed by β-keratin, which is a protective layer that will be discussed later. The cuticle acts as a barrier to prevent harm to the cortex. It is made up of multiple (usually six to ten) 0.5 micron-thick layers of scales that are adhered to one another by a complex cellular membrane. Different sections of extremely curly hair have varying numbers of cuticle layers.

Aggressive chemicals, water-containing detergents, and water itself can easily damage the cellular membrane complex. When this layer deteriorates, the cuticle layers may burst, in which case it stops acting as a barrier.

Image via seabeautyintl.com.

There exist four layers in the cuticle:

Epicuticle

– a thin membrane with a thickness of 5-7 nanometers. Hydrophobic, unstable to oxidants, alkalis, and proteolytic agents; prolonged exposure causes the hair fibers to become porous, which increases interfacial friction. The epicuticle functions as a semi-permeable membrane that separates substances that are able to enter the cortex from those that cannot.

A-layer

— extremely high in cysteine (about 35%), resistant to chemical and physical changes (alkalis, reducing agents, oxidizers, proteolytic enzymes), and friction during combing, washing, and drying.

Exocuticle

— the second A-layer segment has about 15% cystine.

Endocuticle

— the cuticle’s weakest layer, which has about 3% cystine. has a structure that is extremely malleable and soft, and it swells dramatically in water. Chemicals that are easily damaged. But by acting as a "cushion" beneath the exocuticle’s more rigid outer layer, it can offer some protection.

Cuticle damage from UV radiation

74% of the hair fiber can’t be bent because of the cuticle (66% of the resistance comes from the exocuticle and 8% from the endocuticle). The cuticle is the first tissue to absorb the majority of UV radiation. The image below illustrates the precise process by which UV radiation destroys the cuticle. Thus, kindly protect your hair from the sun and apply sunscreen to it!

"Examination of UVB and UVA radiation-induced damage to hair surfaces." All three racial groups’ hair cuticles—African, Caucasian, and Asian—were whole and tightly overlapped. Samples from all three groups showed increasing surface damage as the irradiation energy rose. African hair samples exhibited relatively worse damage than samples from other groups, with UVB radiation causing more significant damage than UVA irradiation.

Every hair sample in every group had more than six layers of intact cuticles. All groups showed cuticle detachment, holes of different sizes, and splitting along the endocuticle as the irradiation energy increased.

(Data derived from the article PMC3582929/https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/)

Cortex

This makes up the majority of the hair, accounting for 75–80% of its volume. Cortical cells, which are elongated protein cells with a diameter of 2 to 5 (μm) and a length of approximately 100 (μm), make up the majority of the cells that make up the cortex. Cortical cells are arranged along the major axis of the fibers, have a spindle-shaped shape, and vary in size.

Para- and orthocortical cells in straight and curly hair

Cortical cells come in two varieties: orthocortical cells (have an uneven shape) and paracortical cells (have a uniform spindle shape and are more saturated with cysteine).

Cross-sectional analysis of straight hair reveals only paracortical cells.

The paracortical side of curly hair has a higher total cuticle thickness than the orthocortical side, which has fewer cuticle layers (between one and two). Paracortical cells are found on the concave side of the curl, while orthocortical cells are found on the convex side. It has been demonstrated that the degree of internal structure heterogeneity in hair determines its curling force rather than ethnic origin.

Image sourced from slideshare.net

The cortical-cortical cell membrane, which has a thickness of only two nanometers, keeps cortical cells apart from one another and facilitates their organization into complexes.

Macro-, micro- and protofibrils, matrix

Macrofibrils, rod-shaped structures with a diameter of 0.1 to 0.4 microns (µm) and a length of several microns (µm), make up cortical cells. The longitudinal orientation of keratinized macrofibril units along the cells results in the formation of an extremely robust fibrous-matrix composite.

When examining damaged hair sections under an electron microscope, the rupture sites will display the macrofibril strands:

Image via seabeautyintl.com.

The cortical cell’s thin membrane divides the macrofibrils from one another. Melanin, a pigment found in hair, is also present in these membranes and is distributed throughout the membrane. The matrix (intermicrofibrillar material) separates the macrofibrils after they are embedded in the cortical cells.

The primary function of the matrix is to maintain the stability and motion of the intermediate strands and microfibrils in a stationary state (elasticity of hair fibers). A partial or total disintegration of microfibrils and protein matrix results in a relative loss of mechanical properties (tensile strength and elasticity) in the hair fiber.

Numerous intermediate filaments, or microfibrils, oriented parallel to the hair fiber’s axis, make up a macrofibril. Eight protofibrils and a diameter of approximately 8 nm make up each microfibril.

Four protofilaments, each of which has two dimers, make up a protofibril. Two keratin protein chains are twisted into a unique spiral pattern to form a dimer (the structure diagram is after the spoilers).

Medulla

Or medulla is the hair’s delicate center core. The structure of the medulla’s tissues is similar to that of a sponge. Human hair may have a continuous, intermittent, or absent medulla. Thermoregulation and hair volume enhancement are thought to be the medulla’s primary functions.

Brief conclusions on the structure of hair

What do we ultimately obtain? The cortex, which contains the majority of hair fibers, gives hair its tensile strength. The bark is made up of long threads called microfibrils that are packed together and contain α-helical keratin rods that are organized:

An image from nih.gov/ncbi.nlm

Let’s not forget to give thanks to the orthocortical cells, which prevent my curls from ever looking like naturally straight hair—not even with tricks—but rather like severely damaged straight hair.

Keratin in the chemical composition of hair

The human body contains 54 keratins total, at least 26 of which are located in the hair follicle. Their notably higher sulfur and cysteine residue contents set them apart from epithelial keratins. This gives the hair more strength by enabling the cross-linking of protein molecules.

A healthy head of hair is roughly composed of 3–15% water, 6% lipids*, 1% pigment, and 78–90% keratin protein.

Lipids

They consist of ceramides, cholesterol, fatty acids, and cholesterol sulfate and are found in the cuticle’s cell membrane complex. In addition to decreasing friction and making the hair surface more hydrophobic, the lipid layer can shield hair from UV rays. In general, Asian hair contains more integral lipids than other hair types. Following an experiment in which hair from various population groups was exposed to UV radiation, the hair’s lipid content dropped.

Keratin is a water-insoluble protein molecule that possesses a fibrillar structure, resembling a thread.

Acidic and basic types of keratin

Of the 28 keratins found in hair, 11 are type I (acidic) keratins, which are distinguished by high cysteine content and proline residues. The primary protein of the keratin complex in human hair, acidic keratin type I (K31), is required to preserve the tensile strength of hair, and 6 of the 26 keratins are Type II (main). One distinct characteristic of keratins is their requirement for mating, which results in the formation of heterodimers between one type I and one type II keratin. This happens when the corresponding rod domains come together to form a helical α-helix conformation.

Acidic amino acid residues predominate in basic (alkaline) keratin fibril cementing substance (matrix). As a result, there may be an ionic interaction and even stronger bond formation between the cementing material and keratin fibrils. While cementing keratin can absorb moisture quite forcefully, microfibril keratin is more resistant to moisture.

α- and β-structures of keratin

Image from the keratinbrasil.com website

Α-keratin is a spiral that revolves around the molecule’s axis. Transverse disulfide bonds between adjacent polypeptide chains are absent in β-keratins. β-keratins exhibit insoluble nature in water and robustness against organic solvents, acids, and alkalis. Their fibers possess greater flexibility in comparison to α-keratins, but they lack elasticity.

Prospective Shifts from α-structures Because of the reorganization of hydrogen bonds, to β-structures and back again. The spiralized portions of the polypeptide chains are unwound, and the hydrogen bonds connecting the elongated fragments of the chains are closed, in contrast to the regular interpeptide hydrogen bonds that run the length of the chain (which allow the polypeptide chain to be twisted into a spiral).

Moisturizing hair causes hydrogen bridges to break and the α-structure to "stretch," which causes the hair to lengthen (curly hair straightens). Keratin regains its spiral structure as hydrogen bonds form during the drying process. For instance, if hair is wet and curled with curlers, the dried hair will retain the curler’s shape for a while due to the rearrangement of hydrogen bonds.

Chemical bonds of hair

The three main types of cross-links found in hair are disulfide, ionic (salt), and hydrogen.

Hydrogen bond

Is an extremely flimsy physical cross-link that is readily broken by temperature and water. Even though hydrogen bonds are extremely weak on their own, hair contains so many of them that they make up roughly one-third of all the bonds in the hair. When hair gets wet, hydrogen bonds are easily broken. This makes it easy for hair to stretch. The form of hair is fixed in its natural position when hair dries because hydrogen bonds are formed again.

Ionic (salt) bonds

Are also created between neighboring protein chains across the hair by weak physical bonds. Because ionic bonds are dependent on the pH of the hair, strong alkaline and acidic solutions can readily break them. However, hair contains a large number of them as well, which means that they significantly impact the composition and characteristics of hair.

Disulfide bond

Unlike the physical hydrogen and ionic bonds, this strong chemical bond is distinct. The strength and mechanical strength of hair are primarily explained by the creation of intra- and intermolecular disulfide bonds. It joins the sulfur atoms of two nearby amino acids, cysteine, to form a single cysteine amino acid. Two protein chains are joined to form a single whole by cysteine.

Disulfide bonds are much stronger than hydrogen and ionic bonds, despite having a much smaller number and being unaffected by water. Straightening and perming products can help break disulfide bonds. Disulfide bonds are not broken by standard temperature effects, such as those that occur during thermal styling.

However, these bonds are broken by extremely strong temperature effects, like boiling water and some high-temperature styling tools. Hair straightening irons are a striking illustration of such a powerful effect. In contrast, a strong spatial structure is produced when oxidants cause keratins to form the maximum number of disulfide bonds possible.

Some of the natural qualities of hair are jeopardized when its chemistry is changed. Damage to the hair fiber can result from a number of processes. For instance, UV light and environmental stress photooxidize proteins. Proteins undergo photooxidation, which causes thioether bond and disulfide bond cleavage, releasing bound lipids from the surface and causing hair structure to be lost. Hair characteristics such as poor styling, dryness and brittleness, loss of shine, and diminished strength deteriorate as a result of these reactions.

Methionine and Cysteine

Methionine and cysteine are the two sulfur-containing amino acids found in keratin. There is a close metabolic relationship between these amino acids.

Without fail, methionine serves as the "beginning" amino acid in the ribosome-based synthesis of all proteins. In the biosynthesis of cysteine, which is also required for the synthesis of keratin, methionine serves as a source of sulfur. Methionine must continuously enter the body through food because it is not synthesized in the human body.

Cystine, also known as cyste dipeptide cystine, is an amino acid that gives protein molecules in hair their incredibly flexible and strong bond, which only breaks under extremely forceful circumstances. This amino acid is interchangeable and can be produced in the human body from serine by the addition of ATP, vitamin B6, methionine, which serves as a source of sulfur. The stronger and more rigid the structure, the higher the cystine content in α-keratin (18% cystine in a turtle shell, for example).

You can now pause for a few minutes and release your breath. Have you had enough? The most fascinating part is still to come, so let’s move on.

Keratin hydrolysate and cosmetics with it

Currently, animal parts that contain keratin—such as feathers, horns, hooves, hair, and wool—are used to make keratin hydrolysates. The majority of these hydrolysates are produced using hydrothermal and chemical hydrolysis techniques. It is also possible to extract keratin proteins from wool without hydrolyzing peptide bonds, which keeps the proteins’ structure and functionality identical to those of the keratins found naturally in human hair.

Nevertheless, not every technique for obtaining keratin hydrolysate is equally effective. A protein that has been completely broken down into its component parts loses its biological activity. Protein "fragments" are unable to attach to hair and repair cuticles that have been damaged.

In an attempt to mimic the natural makeup of keratin, certain industries have created a complex of eighteen free amino acids derived from the proteins of wheat, corn, and soy. Human hair has a sulfur content that is comparable to that of soy amino acids. Naturally, though, their identity is incomplete, which makes them less effective than keratin found in human hair.

Mass and concentration of keratin hydrolysate in cosmetics

Scientific research has demonstrated that only keratin with a low molecular weight distribution can enter the hair; keratin with a molecular weight of 3,000 to 30,000 Daltons is ideal, but 5,000 to 15,000 Daltons is even better. Consequently, you shouldn’t expect any effects from a product labeled as keratin-containing if its composition only lists "Keratin" and not "Hydrolyzed."

Additionally, keratin hydrolyzate can be concealed in cosmetics under names like Hydroxypropyltrimonium Hydrolyzed Keratin, Cocodimonium Hydroxypropyl Hydrolyzed Hair Keratin, and Laurdimonium Hydroxypropyl Hydrolyzed Keratin.

The approximate amount of keratin hydrolyzate present in cosmetics is:

— hair masks that repair damaged hair (8–10%); — hair serums that are nourishing or restorative (5%); — shampoos that fortify hair roots (2–4%); — hair conditioners and balms (5–6%).

Keratin hydrolysate — study #1

"Five groups of hair—undamaged hair, dyed hair, dyed hair with bleaching, dyed hair with relaxor, and bleached hair—were treated with hydrolyzed keratin derived from feathers, washed, and dried separately."

A — hair dried naturally after being cleaned with sodium laureth sulfate. B: Hair is shampooed and dried at 180 degrees Celsius with a straightener that contains hydrolyzed keratin. C: Shampoo-washed hair that has been naturally dried and rinsed with hydrolyzed keratin. D: Control hair washed with shampoo and dried at 180ºC using a straightener without hydrolyzed substances. E: Control hair that was shampooed and allowed to air dry without the use of hydrolyzed substances in the rinse.

The study’s findings demonstrated that:

The cuticle requires heat to fully seal; keratin hydrolysates adhered better to previously dyed and straightened hair fibers; using keratin hydrolysate while heating resulted in the cuticle sealing, but the edges of its scales remained broken; using keratin hydrolysates greatly improved the hair’s brightness and softness; keratin hydrolysate penetrates deeper with longer exposure; adding protein hydrolysates to hair coloring sprays and toners helps the hair absorbs colors more evenly.

Keratin hydrolysate — study #2

After being harmed by bleach, the hair bundles were cleaned with water and allowed to air dry. An unbleached control group was employed. For every hair group, pure acidic keratin K31 was applied. One of the bundles of curly hair was cleaned with alkali, combed straight, and then left in a K31 solution for an hour before being rinsed with an acetic acid solution.

The investigation’s findings revealed that:

Keratin K31 hair treatment successfully straightened curly hair in just one hour; keratin treatment increased the diameter of bleached hair by an average of 49%; keratin K31 hair treatment greatly enhanced the cuticle’s smoothness; and keratin K31 hair treatment nearly doubled the mechanical strength of bleached hair after just one treatment.

Brief conclusions on research

The outcomes are remarkable, are they not? But keep in mind that pure, laboratory-isolated keratin hydrolyzate was utilized in both instances, free of extra contaminants. Furthermore, there is a very small chance that results obtained in a lab setting will match results obtained in an actual setting.

Regrettably, most cosmetic brands’ keratin has a higher molecular weight than is necessary. Consequently, the hair cannot be penetrated by these keratin molecules. They fill in the spaces on the outside of the hair as they work.

"Keratin hydrolyzate is ineffective in hair restoration," stated the head of Global Keratin Van Tibolli in an interview, citing data that shows only 7% restoration efficiency.

The most disagreeable aspect, however, is not even that the majority of cosmetics contain keratin molecules that are too big to fit through the structure of hair; in fact, keratin might not even be present in the composition at all (even though it is listed among the ingredients on the product packaging):

The majority of hair products that tout the advantages of keratin are devoid of the protein and do not even claim to contain it. Consequently, Matrix and L’Oreal were sued for false advertising by ClassAction.com, which asserted that since their products don’t contain keratin, they can’t deliver the promised benefits.

Personal experience

It wasn’t until September 2018 that I became aware of keratin-containing products. Because I was still learning how to take care of my "curly" hair at the time and did not fully comprehend its needs, over-hydration started to frequently appear in my hair.

More seasoned curly-haired girls suggested that I start using products containing keratin and/or proteins to prevent overhydration. Since I wasn’t taking care of them at the time, the soul quickly went to heaven. I didn’t really read the product compositions when I was buying them, which depressed me due to my ongoing overhydration. It says "keratin" on the packaging. We accept it! and the contents of the composition are not as important. Of course, there were almost no successful purchases as a result of such a careless approach to product selection.

Keratin does not moisturize!

Something significant that I should bring up. For some reason, hydrolyzed keratin is said to moisturize, according to a lot of sources, including blogs. I wholeheartedly disagree with this assertion. By leveling the cuticle, keratin can thicken hair, make it smoother and easier to manage, and trap moisture inside the hair, but it cannot, in theory, moisturize.

Keratin has a tendency to build up on the hair’s surface, particularly on naturally porous or damaged hair (as the images from the studies mentioned above amply demonstrate). Hair becomes dry, brittle, and stiff after using only keratin-containing products for an extended period of time (the higher the porosity of the hair, the greater the risk). Nonetheless, these sources’ reasoning suggests that the opposite outcome—overhydration—should occur.

Experience has taught me that products that include proteins and/or collagen in addition to keratin hydrolysate work best for my hair type. The curls become outlined but remain supple, and the hair looks shiny and elastic.

But if we include keratin-containing masks, then the hair starts to show signs of dryness after two to three consecutive uses. If I am able to use keratin-containing shampoos consistently, I will need to switch between moisturizing and keratin hydrolysate masks.

I’ll provide instances of products that worked for me, didn’t work for me, or made a contentious impression. After converting to the method, I got to know the great majority of them, so their composition is appropriate for cgm (if it doesn’t fit, an icon will be next to the product).

Suitable products with keratin hydrolysate

• Hask Macadamia Oil Mask — my sorceress (click-click), who restored faith in curls. Shine, softness, elasticity, definition of the curl — all this is about it;
• Hask Argan Oil Mask(poke-poke), which I would call complex – hair is perfectly moisturized, while the curl is elastic and defined. In humid climates it has become my favorite;
• Hask Monoi Coconut Oil Nourishing Mask, which in its action is very similar to the version with argan oil, only with a more pronounced moisturizing effect. I also dedicated a detailed review post to it (click-click);
• Health& Keratin Mask Beauty(tyk-tyk), which curled the curl very well;
• Maraes Color Nourishing Doppio Elixir, after a long struggle with over-moisturizing, which gave elasticity to the curl. I also wrote about it here (click-click);
• Hask with Keratin Protein Mask, the composition of which is replete with various proteins, keratins and collagen. The mask copes with the task of restoring and strengthening the curl with a bang;
• Shampoo of the Israeli brand Style Aromatherapy with keratin and vitamin E, which I have been using since last summer. Does not contain sulfates, but the composition includes proteins of plant origin, and oils, and panthenol. The curl after it is much stronger and more elastic than from my Bonacure sulfate or from Kovash;
• Creightons Shampoo with coconut and keratin, enveloping in a fragrant cloud. Contained SLS, so after switching to the method I gave it up. Gently washed the hair, while washing off even oil masks, and did not dry out the length. Despite the presence of keratin in the composition, I would classify it as a moisturizing shampoo;
• Creightons Conditioner with coconut and keratin – another find for those who do not adhere to the method. Makes combing easier, adds shine and softness, makes styling easier and tames sticking out hairs. I would compare the effect of this conditioner to any mass-market mask.

Keratin products, my attitude to which is controversial

• Kaaral Maraes Color Nourishing Mask — a dream that initially stabbed me in the back (but stimulated my creativity — The Tale of the Capricious Princess Maraes) It did not give me curls, shine or smoothness. Although now I increasingly think about buying it again life does not teach me anything, but this time as a straightening agent for those days when I want straighter hair;
• Kora Keratin Hair Restoration Mask(click-click), which turned out to be no less capricious, and as a bonus had the smell of boiled cartilage.

Unsuitable products with keratin hydrolysate

• DNC Hair Filler, which was recommended to me as an excellent (and budget, which is important) remedy for combating over-hydration. But instead of elastic and defined curls and the promised softness and shine, I only got fluff and stiffness. Although many people liked it;
• Balm with keratin Amazon acai berry from Ecolab did not impress me at all, although in addition to keratin, it contained silk proteins. After using it, my hair was difficult to comb with my fingers, and after drying it was stiff, and instead of smoothness and shine, there was a lot of fluff and sticking out hair.

Keratin and nutrition

Hair can be strengthened or restored with keratin-containing products. Although it is unfortunate that this will not help with damaged lengths, it is still preferable to replace the lost keratin from the inside. The following nutrients encourage the synthesis of keratin in food:

Protein

It can fortify hair and lessen hair loss. Ninety-six premenopausal women from Latin American, Asian, and Caucasian ethnic groups participated in the study. After taking a dietary supplement containing marine protein, the participants’ hair loss significantly decreased in three to six months.

Where to find it: Eggs, cottage cheese, nuts, lean meats, fish, seafood, and seaweed.

Biotin

Research indicates that biotin may be beneficial for hair loss and brittle nails. Additionally, a diet high in biotin may enhance brain function and glycemic control. Pregnant women should pay particular attention to this nutrient because almost half of them have low levels of it.

Egg yolks, meat, whole grains, leafy greens, nuts, mushrooms, and bananas are good sources of it.

Omega-3 fatty acids

The synthesis of keratin is one of the nearly all bodily processes that essential fatty acids control. These nutrients aid in the formation of cells and act as an energy source. They also counteract the damaging effects of stress on the skin and hair.

Where to find it: Nuts, tuna, mackerel, and salmon.

Methionine

As I mentioned earlier, the synthesis of all proteins in the human body, including keratin, depends on this amino acid. Since the body is unable to produce methionine, it must be obtained through diet.

It can be found in red caviar, egg powder, cheeses (particularly Parmesan), fish, meat, soy, milk, and sesame seeds.

Zinc

Fatigue, brittle nails, dry skin, and hair loss can result from even a small zinc deficiency. 62% of patients with alopecia areata showed a significant reduction in hair loss when zinc supplements were used in clinical trials.

Oysters, which provide 493% of the daily required intake of zinc in one serving, beef, beans, crab, fortified cereals, cashew nuts, almonds, and oatmeal are among the foods that contain it.

It is beneficial to include foods high in these nutrients in your diet as they have a positive impact on hair health in addition to the nutrients mentioned above, such as vitamin B6, vitamin A, vitamin C, selenium, silicon, iron, and calcium.

Keratin is essential for maintaining the strength, elasticity, and health of our hair. It is a naturally occurring protein that gives hair structure resilience and protection. However, over time, elements such as chemical treatments, heat styling, and environmental stressors can harm keratin, resulting in dry, brittle hair.

Keratin hydrolyzate-containing cosmetics are designed to partially replenish that lost strength. These procedures can aid in restoring the luster and smoothness of damaged hair. Products containing keratin have been beneficial to many in terms of their hair’s general health and appearance.

Individual differences exist in keratin care experiences. While some people find these treatments to be transformative, others might need to combine them with a healthy diet and appropriate nutrition to see long-term benefits. Eating a healthy diet can support healthy hair from the inside out because foods like eggs, fish, and nuts contain keratin.

One of the most effective ways to improve the health of your hair is to include keratin in both your diet and beauty regimen. You can take better care of your hair and get the look you want by knowing how keratin functions and how to feed it.

Naturally occurring in hair, keratin is a protein that is essential to its structure and strength. Dryness and brittleness can result from hair losing keratin over time as a result of heat styling, coloring, and environmental damage. In an effort to replenish this lost protein and help restore smoothness and shine, products containing keratin or hydrolyzed keratin are used. In order to achieve healthier-looking hair, many people include keratin treatments and care routines in their hair regimen. They also emphasize nutrition, such as foods high in protein, which promotes keratin production from within.

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