Types and types of dandruff on hair

Many people suffer from the common scalp ailment known as dandruff. White flakes that appear in the hair and on the scalp are frequently used to identify it. Even though it might appear to be a small problem, dandruff can be uncomfortable, itchy, and even embarrassing.

There are several varieties of dandruff, and each has unique causes and traits. While some types are caused by excessive oil production, others are connected to dry skin. The secret to effectively treating dandruff is knowing what kind it is.

This post will discuss the different kinds of dandruff, its causes, and management techniques. You can take action to enhance the health of both your scalp and hair by learning more about what’s going on there.

Type of Dandruff	Description
Dry Dandruff	Flaky, small white or greyish flakes that fall easily from the scalp, often caused by dry skin or lack of moisture.
Oily Dandruff	Yellowish, greasy flakes that stick to the scalp and hair, usually caused by excess oil and sebum production.

What dandruff looks like

A fungus known as Malassezia furfur is the cause of dandruff, also known as seborrhea. There are several causes for it, and each unique instance must be handled independently.

These are scales that cover the hair and scalp in large quantities on the outside. Depending on the particular disease, they have varying hues, forms, and thicknesses.

Dandruff under a microscope

Under a microscope, seborrhea causes a layering of detached cells on the scalp in addition to the fungus’s activity and the accumulation of keratinized skin particles. This fungus usually exists but causes no problems for the owner. However, for a variety of reasons, it may become more active, leading to dandruff.

Crucial! You should see a doctor if you start experiencing seborrhea symptoms so they can prescribe medication. Self-medication is only going to exacerbate the problem.

Types of dandruff and treatment

There are numerous varieties of dandruff. Each has different causes of occurrence as well as different external manifestations. As a result, this situation should be treated on its own.

Dry dandruff

This form causes the scalp to itch excessively and become inflamed easily. The scales are also white or gray and do not peel off well. Dryness and slow growth of hair are common. The most "snow" on clothing is associated with this type of seborrhea. In this situation, there may be increased hair loss and scratchy scalp.

Weak sebaceous glands and inadequate sebum production are the causes of this. Because the skin and hair follicles don’t get enough moisture, the skin overexfoliates its cells. Such sebaceous gland dysfunction can be brought on by stress, malnutrition, or hormonal imbalances, among other things.

Crucial! Particularly distinct causes include genetic predisposition and vitaminosis. Drugs and home cures are both used to treat dry dandruff.

Treatment with a ten-to fourteen-day course of 10% sulfur ointment is highly successful. To get rid of the dry type, there are specific medicated shampoos available.

Oily dandruff

Here, on the other hand, there is an excessive amount of sebum secretion which causes enlarged pores, greasy dandruff particles to appear, and hair to become more greasy and stick together.

There are two distinct subtypes of this type of dandruff: liquid and thick. In the liquid form, the skin itself resembles a bumpy orange peel, and greasy grayish-yellow layers develop on the scalp and hair. Acne frequently develops as a result of gland blockage.

The symptoms differ slightly in a thick form. Although there is a lot of oily, yellowish dandruff, the primary symptom is a lot of acne (both black and white). Unfavorable disease progression can result in a variety of infections. Its appearance is caused by similar factors to dry seborrhea.

Crucial! If left untreated, oily seborrhea can occasionally become dry and more challenging to treat. It receives multiple treatments. Oral medications such as vitamins and hormonal drugs must be taken; ointments and specific shampoos are used for oily seborrhea. Traditional medicine also proves beneficial.

Mixed dandruff

This is an unusual mix of seborrhea symptoms, both oily and dry. For instance, dandruff on the brows will be oily, while it will be dry on the scalp. Alternatively, the zones on the head will be separated into dry and oily areas based on the manifestations: parietal and occipital.

IMPORTANT!
Such seborrhea is dangerous alopecia

The main causes are the male hormone testosterone’s dominance as well as hormonal imbalances that cause the sebaceous glands to secrete more hormones than usual (this is common in teenagers and expectant mothers). However, this form is still more common in men.

Treatment for this type of dandruff is intricate. It’s critical to identify the underlying cause rather than merely treating the symptoms. The primary strategy involves using medications to bring hormone levels back to normal.

Tubular dandruff

This particular variety of the same fungus only affects the hair and never comes into contact with the skin. It is, however, thought to be non-contagious, in contrast to other forms of seborrhea. It covers the hair in a network of grains and sand that resembles nits on the outside. Also, the skin is red and extremely itchy.

IMPORTANT!

Though hard to get rid of, it doesn’t spread to other people. reasons of a hormonal character. It is managed similarly to other forms of seborrhea.

Seborrheic dermatitis

Seborrheic dermatitis is identified by the appearance of flaky red lesions and dry growths on the skin. characterized by intense skin irritation and itching. Dry, lifeless hair is prone to breaking and splitting. Because scratching the skin is a response to severe itching, there is a high risk of infection.

Treatment for this kind is similar to that for seborrhea in general, but if the redness and itching don’t go away, you should be checked for lichen or other illnesses.

The main causes of dandruff

Let us enumerate the primary causes of this illness.

1. Decreased immunity, as a consequence – the proliferation of fungus on the surface of the skin.
2. Dysfunction of the sebaceous glands.
3. Violation of the protective functions of the skin.
4. Severe stress.
5. Eating disorders – improper diet or strict diet.
6. Hereditary predisposition.
7. Hormonal violations.
8. A sharp change in climate.
9. Taking certain medications.
10. Inappropriate shampoo and other care products.

Seborrhea frequently has multiple causes. To ascertain the actual causes of the illness, it is crucial to speak with a physician.

Diagnosis and treatment of dandruff

Drastic dandruff requires a trip to the trichologist. He will carry out all required examinations and investigations to determine the root of the issue. Because the cause may be related to internal processes or diseases, a person is frequently referred to other specialists based on the results of the readings.

You can start treatment once all required medical diagnostics have been completed and the problem’s underlying cause has been identified. In this case, there are numerous remedies that can be helpful.

Medicines

It is possible to prescribe oral drugs in addition to topical treatments. First, shampoos that are medicinal and preventive are available. The following ingredients ought to be present in them:

• ketoconazole – destroys the fungus, but can cause addiction, in addition, there are shampoos with ketoconazole;
• salicylic acid – eliminates dandruff and prevents its reappearance;
• bifonazole – destroys the fungus, and does not cause addiction;
• tar and sulfur – exfoliate, remove dead cells from the skin.

A product like this will only be helpful in this situation. As they accumulate in the skin, they progressively eradicate the fungus and all of its effects. Using them in conjunction with masks and lotions that also contain active ingredients increases their efficacy.

Internal causes are addressed in this instance in line with the test findings. Vitamins and microelements are taken, and hormone levels are controlled.

Crucial! Additionally, you must modify your diet, eliminate foods that cause excessive sebum secretion, and improve your diet.

Folk remedies for dandruff

Conventional techniques are useful as a backup. It has long been known that seborrhea symptoms can be managed at home.

For instance, natural and essential oils eliminate itch-causing scales, help the sebaceous glands rebalance, moisturize or clear clogged pores, and in certain cases, even kill the fungus. They can be added to shampoo or head hair masks, or combined with each other in masks.

Using apple cider vinegar as a mask also helps to relieve seborrhea symptoms. Because it dries the skin, it is particularly beneficial for oily seborrhea.

Crucial! Carefully watch the exposure duration when using vinegar and essential oils to avoid burns!

Herbal remedies are appropriate for shampooing and conditioning hair. They are beneficial for prevention as well as during a disease flare-up. For instance, dandruff can be relieved by using nettle, calendula, chamomile, burdock root, and St. John’s wort. Their alcohol solutions will work well in addition to oils.

Sea salt is applied as a mask to the roots of cleaned hair and left on for five to ten minutes. One tablespoon of sea salt is dissolved in 0.5 liters of water. This technique lessens itching and aids in the fungus’s destruction.

IMPORTANT!
These methods work only in complex treatment

Procedures for treating the disease

When washing your hair to remove extra scales and massaging your scalp to encourage blood and lymph flow to the skin and bulbs, scalp massages are very beneficial.

Many physiotherapy techniques are effective. The attending physician writes the prescription for them. This comprises:

• ozone therapy – for drying and cleansing the skin;
• mesotherapy – to improve immunity and restore nutrition to skin cells;
• laser therapy – destroys fungus, relieves inflammation and irritation, improves blood circulation;
• proceduresDarsonval, Bioptron – destroy pathogenic bacteria, fungus.

When used in conjunction with medication therapy, they are extremely successful.

Using curling irons and hair dyes will only cause further damage, so avoid doing so.

Also, if at all possible, stay away from using a hair dryer. Plant dyes such as basma and henna are another matter. They also nourish and strengthen the hair from the inside out.

Crucial! It’s important to wash your hair on schedule, maintain clean brushes and combs, and avoid letting your hair get too filthy.

Determining the appropriate treatment for dandruff requires an understanding of its various types. Whether your dandruff is oily or dry, there are specific things you need to do to keep your hair looking its best and your scalp healthy.

You can select the best treatments for your dandruff, such as natural remedies or specific shampoos, by determining its type. Keeping your hair care regimen consistent is essential to controlling and minimizing dandruff.

Recall that although dandruff can be obstinate, it can be managed with time and the appropriate strategy. Making the health of your scalp a priority not only reduces dandruff but also encourages stronger, glossier hair in general.

A common scalp condition, dandruff can take many different forms, each with unique causes and traits. Knowing the different types of dandruff—from greasy, yellow scales to dry, flaky dandruff—will help you select the best course of action. Handling dandruff can be made simpler and more efficient by understanding the differences, regardless of whether it’s caused by dry skin, too much oil, or other factors.

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