Gymnastics – what is it, types (classification), features, technique, goals

A sport that blends grace, strength, and flexibility is gymnastics. It has been practiced for centuries and, with its difficult skills and beauty, still enthralls spectators and athletes alike. People of all ages and skill levels can enjoy this widely accessible sport.

Gymnastics comes in many forms, each with a distinct focus and set of skills. The most well-known types of gymnastics are acrobatic, trampoline, rhythmic, and artistic gymnastics. The tools, motions, and performance styles of these kinds differ.

The main focus of gymnastics training is balance, coordination, and accuracy. Athletes train a variety of motions and exercises specific to the sport they have chosen. Gymnastics aims to improve self-confidence, mental focus, and physical fitness in addition to competition.

Topic	Explanation
What is gymnastics?	A physical exercise that improves strength, flexibility, and balance through various movements and routines.
Types (classification)	There are several types, including artistic, rhythmic, trampoline, and aerobic gymnastics.
Features	Gymnastics combines acrobatic skills, strength training, and flexibility exercises.
Technique	Proper body control and precision are key elements in performing gymnastics techniques.
Goals	The main goals are to enhance physical fitness, improve coordination, and promote overall health.

Gymnastics is a type of physical exercise that focuses on improving balance, coordination, strength, and flexibility. There are various forms of gymnastics, each with a distinct focus and set of techniques, such as rhythmic, artistic, trampoline, and aerobic gymnastics. The activity, which is practiced for both competition and fitness, places a strong emphasis on movement precision. Gymnastics is accessible to a wide range of people because it can be customized for various age groups and ability levels. Enhancing physical fitness, fostering self-discipline, and cultivating abilities that support overall body control and performance are its primary objectives.

Gymnastics – what is it and why is it necessary

Gymnastics is a physical discipline that combines a range of exercises designed to help participants develop or enhance their motor skills.

Gymnastics stands out from other sports due to its adaptable and balanced impact on the human body.

Gymnastics exercises strengthen muscles uniformly and enhance coordination while targeting every aspect of the musculoskeletal system. Gymnastics simultaneously shapes a person’s moral and volitional qualities in addition to their physical state.

It is regarded as one of the most crucial elements in educating the public about sports. Gymnastics is practiced at home, in fitness centers, and in schools and kindergartens. It is also utilized in manufacturing facilities and in the medical field.

The systematization of gymnastics types was required due to the variety of gymnastic exercises, and it was completed during the 1984 All-Union Conference.

Generally speaking, all branches of gymnastics are grouped into multiple sizable groups:

• health gymnastics, the varieties of which are aimed at strengthening human health (the existing classification has more than 30 of them);
• sports gymnastics, which, in fact, is a professional sport;
• educational and developmental types that pursue not only health goals, but also educational and training.

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Health gymnastics

One type of physical education that typically doesn’t require much physical preparation is health gymnastics. Its goals are to improve a person’s overall health, enhance their physical condition, and improve their performance and quality of life.

While some forms of health gymnastics have been well recognized for a while, others have only recently become more and more well-liked.

Morning exercises (exercise)

Exercises refer to a series of basic physical activities designed to stimulate the body’s physiological processes upon awakening.

Fundamental motions:

• turns and tilts of the head;
• rotational movements of the shoulders and torso;
• arm and leg swings, etc.

A 15–20 minute workout gives you more energy and a happier mood for the rest of the day.

Exercise in the morning has been scientifically shown to benefit all of the body’s systems and organs:

• stimulates blood circulation and metabolism;
• optimizes the work of the heart and respiratory organs;
• develops muscles and joints;
• strengthens the immune system, etc.

Introductory gymnastics

Small sets of exercises known as "introductory gymnastics" are used in businesses and organizations prior to the start of the workday. Ensuring a person’s prompt entry into work activities is their responsibility.

As a result, the focus and content of every exercise are designed to closely resemble the tasks carried out at work. Employee performance naturally rises as a result.

The following exercises are typically used:

• steps and running in place;
• various types of arm and torso movements;
• muscle stretching exercises;
• exercises that help improve concentration, etc.

Gymnastics takes five to seven minutes. Method of implementation: either individually or in groups.

Physical education (physical education minutes in educational institutions)

A form of gymnastic exercise used in educational institutions is called physical education minutes (mainly in elementary grades and preschool educational institutions). The typical physical education class consists of three to four unique exercises. They last no more than two to three minutes.

One possible implementation method is:

• dance;
• sports;
• motor-speech;
• warm-ups for fingers or for eyes;
• breathing exercises.

Minutes dedicated to physical education have shown to be a successful strategy for preserving students’ working capacity. It has been observed that using them helps release tension in the skeletal muscles and nervous system caused by extended desk sitting.

Furthermore, physical education minutes give the eyes and hearing organs the rest they require. In the end, they aid students in overcoming exhaustion and sleepiness and in mentally unwinding.

Hygienic gymnastics

Maintaining the human body in the healthiest possible state is the goal of hygienic gymnastics. The combination of physical exercises with elements of hardening and hygienic components (control of ambient temperature, form of clothing and shoes, hygiene, etc.) sets this form of gymnastics apart from others.

Stretching exercises are used in addition to general strengthening exercises. No makeshift tools are needed.

The idea of hygienic gymnastics essentially blends various forms, including:

• morning gymnastics (exercise);
• gymnastics during the working day (introductory, physical education minutes);
• evening gymnastics (before bedtime).

Those of all ages and skill levels can participate in hygienic gymnastics.

Rhythmic gymnastics

Classes in dance-based physical education are called rhythmic gymnastics, or rhythmics. The exercises are straightforward but efficient since they work every muscle group. The music determines their form, tempo, and intensity. Bending and unbending, turning and rotating, swinging arms and legs, running, jumping, hopping, and so on are examples of characteristic movements.

Frequent exercise helps the heart and lungs function better, strengthens muscles, builds endurance, and improves rhythm. Emotionally speaking, rhythmic gymnastics uplifts the spirit, releases stress, and energizes the body.

Therapeutic gymnastics

It is designed to aid in the rehabilitation of patients with heart and neurological issues, as well as injuries of all kinds.

Therapeutic gymnastics exercises are all done statically, which means they are typically done slowly and under tension. Their actions are intended to enhance an organ’s performance. Breathing exercises are frequently mixed with therapeutic gymnastics.

There is a huge range of applications for therapeutic gymnastics:

• injuries and disorders of the musculoskeletal system (including immobilization);
• scoliosis;
• neurological diseases, etc.

Teaching methods include both group and individual instruction. Three stages typically comprise the general course of treatment: introductory, main, and final.

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Non-traditional health gymnastics

The populace’s interest in non-traditional forms of physical activity has grown over the past few decades.

These forms of gymnastics consist of:

Stretching

The practice of stretching, or gymnastics of poses, helps to lengthen muscles and ligaments, which increases the flexibility of the entire body. Stretching has several benefits, including better posture, weight loss, and the elimination of waste and toxins from the body.

Callanetics

Callanetics is the practice of strengthening your own body through static exercises. Holding a particular pose for longer periods of time results in an increase in load. Benefits include increased muscle growth, weight loss, and metabolism returning to normal.

Shaping system

The individual selection of a training program based on computer testing, which takes into account the features of the body structure, is a distinctive feature of the shaping system.

There are numerous subtypes of the shaping system, such as shaping classic, shaping uni, shaping for expectant mothers, etc. Advantages: effects on specific body parts, ability to lose weight, and formation of desired body proportions and shapes.

Eastern health systems

Eastern health systems encompass a variety of yoga, qigong, tsaijiquan, and other practices rooted in Eastern teachings. Combining physical and mental balance is the core message of these teachings.

Simultaneously, a positive outlook on life and the normalization of one’s emotional state are essential for a person’s successful physical growth and well-being. Benefits of the systems include developing a harmonious worldview and strengthening the body.

Hatha Yoga

One of the subsets of Indian yoga, which consists of a range of poses primarily focused on attaining physical perfection, is Hatha yoga.

Breathing exercises, psychoregulation and self-control techniques, static asana poses, and healthy eating are all part of this practice. It is thought that hatha yoga is the foundational form of yoga, after which you can practice any other style. Advantages: improves muscular elasticity and endurance; fosters optimism about the environment.

Yoga is a gymnastics of peace

One of the most well-liked forms of exercise in the last few years is yoga. It is, in essence, both a system of physical exercises and a particular philosophical culture, both of which have their roots in India.

Actually, yoga is a concept that incorporates many forms of oriental gymnastics.

More than twenty yoga styles are recognized by experts. However, the fundamental elements of any style are specific physical postures, or asanas, breathing exercises, and meditation, or relaxation. Yoga should be practiced both alone and with others.

The popularity of yoga can be attributed to several benefits that set it apart from numerous other forms of physical education, including:

• accessibility (does not require special equipment or a gym);
• versatility (many poses can be performed even by beginners);
• promotes comprehensive human development, including spiritual development, relieves emotional stress, and develops positive thinking.

Breathing exercises

One unique kind of exercise that strengthens the respiratory muscles is breathing exercises. Among its goals are the promotion of health and the prevention of various illnesses, including sexually transmitted infections, cardiovascular issues, and respiratory ailments.

The essential elements of instruction are:

• changing the frequency and depth of breathing;
• artificial breath holding;
• changing the direction of breathing (through the mouth and nose);
• artificial resistance to the external flow, etc.

Experts state that breathing exercises are a great way to prevent bronchitis, bronchial asthma, and rhinitis when done correctly. Breathing exercises also help to relieve stress, sleep better at night, and build stronger body muscles.

Breathing exercises come in various forms. These include yoga gymnastics, Strelnikova gymnastics, weight-loss gymnastics, and more.

Sports gymnastics

Gymnastics sports demand a high level of training. Early childhood is the time when training starts. The primary objective and source of motivation for individuals interested in sports gymnastics are sporting accomplishments and victories. Sports, artistic, acrobatic, and team gymnastics are among the types (classifications).

Sports gymnastics

Regarded as one of the most vivid, graceful, and unforgettable sports Sportswomen perform a mix of movements and other elements to musical accompaniment. Grace and flexibility are attributes shared by every movement.

Using a variety of items is required at elite competitions: balls, hoops, ribbons, etc. Classes help students form good posture and gait, as well as flexibility, plasticity, and grace.

There are age restrictions for rhythmic gymnastics. Individuals begin participating in it between the ages of three and five, and most athletes conclude their careers and move on by the time they are sixteen or seventeen. Although it’s one of the easiest sports to participate in, there are strict requirements regarding athletes’ appearance.

Acrobatic gymnastics

Gymnastics includes a section called acrobatics, which includes exercises like:

• jumping;
• strength;
• ability to maintain balance;
• body rotation with and without support, etc.

Exercises are done with special equipment (gym beams, bars, and rings) or on the floor. They can be static (like stands or pyramids) or dynamic (like somersaults, flips, and somersaults).

There are several distinct disciplines in sports acrobatics:

• soloists;
• pairs;
• groups;
• trampoline jumping.

Agility, bravery, determination, willpower, dexterity, strengthening of the musculoskeletal system, coordination, and spatial orientation are all developed via acrobatics.

Sports aerobics

All of the exercises in the discipline of sports aerobics are done at a very fast pace while listening to music. There is dynamism and sharpness to every movement.

The athlete must possess artistic ability in addition to complex and precise movement.

There are group and individual competitions. It should be mentioned that the physical load a gymnast must endure during a performance makes sports aerobics an incredibly challenging sport. Experts say that the work it does is like running 800 meters.

Frequent sports aerobics help athletes maintain excellent physical health, have a positive emotional impact, and strengthen their respiratory and cardiovascular systems.

Educational and developmental types of gymnastics

In addition to its therapeutic benefits, educational and developmental gymnastics aims to foster self-discipline, a love of sports, and a better understanding of the body’s functional abilities.

Gymnastics can be classified into four types: instructional, women’s, athletic, and professional.

General educational gymnastics

Used in groups for middle-aged and older individuals as well as in physical education classes in all educational institutions (schools, kindergartens, universities, etc.).

Classes aim to teach students to take ownership of their bodies, develop and enhance the most basic motor skills (walking, running, and overcoming obstacles), and generally introduce sports to the younger generation.

Jumps (height, length, over gymnastic benches, etc.) and some acrobatic moves (shoulder stand, etc.) are among the exercises in educational gymnastics. The goal of training for senior citizens is to increase their coordination and range of motion.

Women"s gymnastics

Women are the intended audience for women’s gymnastics. It considers the anatomical characteristics of a female’s physique. Simultaneously, the primary role of motherhood is to strengthen the legs, pelvis, and abdominal press; hence, strengthening exercises are an essential part of training. p.

Classes incorporate some dance techniques, rhythmic gymnastics components, and general developmental exercises. The use of music as accompaniment is crucial. Female gymnastics helps women develop their grace and flexibility, helps them adopt a lovely, stately posture, and gets their bodies ready for pregnancy and childbirth.

Athletic gymnastics

A style of gymnastics where the goal is to build strength. Athletic gymnasts are characterized by their proportionate development of all body muscles and their ability to release their muscles.

Athletic gymnastics exercises are done both with and without weights and objects (barbells, dumbbells, etc.). This kind of exercise strengthens the nervous system, builds muscles, trains the cardiovascular system, and instills self-discipline.

The popularity of athletic gymnastics can be attributed to its availability. It can be done in the house, in the yard, in groups, etc. d.

Professional and applied

Professional and applied gymnastics is a combination of training and exercises designed to help people who work in fields where performing complex physical actions or resistance to higher loads is required acquire new skills or hone existing ones.

It is not possible to master the chosen specialty without developing moral as well as physical qualities, which are the focus of the classes themselves. For instance, physical education lessons are held on an elevated platform in many high-rise fitter vocational schools, helping students develop agility, self-confidence, and other skills while eradicating their fear of heights.

Professional applied gymnastics aims to achieve the following objectives: injury prevention, increased labor productivity, and skill improvement in the chosen field.

Its classification and types vary according to the application; for instance, gymnastics is available for astronauts, pilots, firefighters, sailors, and so on.

Team types

Originated in Scandinavia and is comprised of three disciplines: acrobatic jumps, mini-trampoline jumping, and floor exercises with dance and choreography elements. Every exercise is done to music.

Three different competition categories are offered: mixed team, women’s, and men’s performances. The team has anywhere from six to twelve members. High levels of dynamism and spectacularity, teamwork among competitors, and technical proficiency in executing acrobatic elements are characteristics of this sport.

The final assessment is one of the discipline’s distinguishing characteristics.

There can only be one team as the outcome. Judges consider the artistry and well-coordinated efforts of all team members in addition to the intricacy and accuracy of each gymnast’s technique.

Circus gymnastics

A style of circus art in which exercises (tricks) are performed and demonstrated in public with the use of specialized tools and apparatus, occasionally made for a one-of-a-kind circus performance.

Various forms of circus gymnastics are classified based on the location of the tricks:

• floor – exercises using devices and equipment installed in the arena;
• aerial – exercises using equipment installed above the arena.

Exercises on horizontal bars, rings, trapezes, bamboo, belts, etc. are among the branches of each type. Circus gymnastics frequently suggests the existence of a scenario, or even a theatrical production, with a specific plot that the performers follow while performing their tricks.

Circus performers’ job is to enthrall and astound the spectators. Circus gymnastics is a show of skill, whereas sports gymnastics is competitive in nature.

Because circus performances necessitate strong physical preparation, athletes from other gymnastics disciplines frequently compete there, or the performers are descendants of circus dynasties who have been performing since they were young children.

Street (yard)

The name "street gymnastics" (also known as "Street Workout") says it all: all training takes place outside of homes or gyms. Exercises and components are done on equipment such as street turnstiles and benches, or just on the ground. The ability to work with your own weight and build strength and endurance are the main focus of the classes.

Pull-ups on the horizontal bar, push-ups from the floor, push-ups on the bars, and other exercises are included in this kind of training. Street Workout has created its own classifications, benchmarks, and even competitions, both in the "battle" format and in freestyle (including on an international scale).

The artistry of the athlete is frequently taken into consideration in addition to the complexity and caliber of the elements when assigning a grade.

In Russia, Europe, and the USA, Street Workout has grown in popularity since 2000.

The traits and abilities that gymnastics fosters include flexibility, coordination, endurance, bravery, determination, and perseverance. This is by no means an exhaustive list. It comes in a wide variety of types and classifications.

Every taste and budget can be catered for when selecting a direction. However, since sports, like other facets of life, are constantly evolving, it’s possible that new gymnastic trajectories will emerge soon.

Numerous physical activities offered by gymnastics enhance coordination, strength, and flexibility. Every gymnastics style is different from the others and offers advantages to athletes who practice for fun or for competition.

Trampoline gymnastics, whether it be artistic or rhythmic, requires discipline, concentration, and correct technique. The proper movements can be practiced to improve overall physical performance and help build endurance.

Gymnastics’ ultimate goal is to push the boundaries of the body’s potential while encouraging an active, healthy lifestyle. People of all ages and skill levels can enjoy this sport.

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